Volcanic eruption (turbulent jet)

A volcano propels gases into the athmosphere. In this 3D case study, the problem is represented by means of a turbulent jet with lateral side wind. Many interesting physical ingredients of a turbulent flow are reproduced in this application. While a simple turbulent shear layer is formed on the side opposed to the wind, the region protected from the wind is characterised by a complex interaction of turbulent structures detaching from the plume and from boundary layers on the ground and on the cone of the volcano.

Streamlines at a given moment in time are shown in this 3D representation:

Numerical Parameters